Impact of mangrove selective logging upon estuarine trophodynamics in Ghana. 

By Rachael Hall, James Bell, Marija Sciberras, Bernard Assiam, Albert Koomson, Furkan Abubakar, Curtis Grey, Benjamin Owusu, Geslaine Lemos Gonçalves, Bhavani Narayanaswamy, Emmanuel Acheampong, Joseph Aggrey-Fynn, Benjamin Kofi Nyarko, and Andrew K. Sweetman

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“Mangroves are marine vascular plants with unique adaptations to brackish conditions and tidal incursions. The term ‘mangrove’ can refer to individual halophytic trees and shrubs that grow within the intertidal zone, as well as the entire ecosystem made up by these species. Existing in the intertidal zone, these forests support elements of both terrestrial and marine ecosystems, as well as having distinct ecological characteristics of their own (Alongi., 2009). However, their positioning along coastlines also exposes mangroves to exploitation and degradation from anthropogenic activities, resulting in them being threatened throughout most of their range (Friess et al., 2021; Polidoro et al., 2010). Their range is primarily in the tropics (Figure 1), with the region of West Africa account for 11% of the global mangrove area (UNEP, 2007)…”